Who can be the new owner of an international trademark application?

The correct answer highlights that a new owner of an international trademark application must be a national of a country that is a member of the Madrid Protocol, or must be domiciled in such a member country. This requirement is anchored in the Madrid System, which facilitates the international registration of trademarks through a system managed by WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization).

Under the Madrid Protocol, the ability to file an international application is tied to the concept of a connection with a member country, either by nationality or domicile. This ensures that trademark rights are anchored in a jurisdiction that is part of this international framework. It prevents non-member nationals or those without a legal connection to member countries from benefiting from the streamlined processes the Madrid Protocol offers.

The other options do not meet the specific criteria established by the Madrid Protocol, as they either focus on individuals or entities without considering the necessary connection to a member country of the Madrid Protocol, thus lacking compliance with the stipulations governing international trademark ownership.